EAR PROBLEMS
Wax Accumulation
Wax is a normal secretion in the ear and its purpose is to protect the eardrum. At times it may cause blockage, deafness and/or pain in the ear, when it needs to be removed. The use of commercial ear buds to clean the ear, routinely, is not advised. It may damage the ear and its hearing function.
Perforation of Ear Drum
Ear drum protects the ear and conducts sound to the small bones for hearing, and once perforated, the ear drum needs repair. This process is called Myringoplasty If the hearing bones are also damaged and are not conveying the sound waves, they may also need to be repaired for better sound conduction and hearing by a procedure called Tympanoplasty.
Fluid behind Ear Drum
In children, having nasal discharge or blockage of the nose is a common problem. The discharge gets into the tube between the ear and the nose and causes a blockage, which results in fluid collection in the ear. It causes deafness and pain in the ear, for which a simple surgical procedure to put a tube in the ear drum becomes necessary. This procedure is called Myringotomy-Grommet.
Chronic Ear Discharge
Repeated cold and pain in the ear weakens the drum. The ear drum may give away; in such a case, and a discharging hole is created. The patient becomes deaf and has a chronic ear discharge. At other times, the drum may get sucked in; the outer lining which normally sheds off gets collected, absorbs the bony structure and gets infected to cause not only deafness but many complications including life threatening diseases. This needs immediate attention. For the former problem, the ear needs to be kept clean, dry and later the drum is repaired through Myringoplasty. For the latter, it may necessitate clearing of the disease and the subsequent repair of the ear by means of Mastoidectomy and Tympanoplasty.
Ostosclerosis
Ostosclerosis is a disease which affects more young females than males, where one of the ear bones gets fixed to cause deafness and produces noises in the ear. The deafness is progressive. It is treated by surgery called Stapedectomy. An alternate to the surgery can be the use of hearing aids.
DEAFNESS
HEARING SCREENING TEST
Hearing Screening Test consists of tests of function of the hearing mechanism. This includes tests of mechanical sound transmission (middle ear function), neural sound transmission (cochlear function), and speech discrimination ability (central integration). A complete evaluation of a patient’s hearing is done by trained and experienced Audiologist using instruments designed specifically for this purpose.
Hearing Screening Test | Price: BDT 400
- Stapedial Reflex Threshold Test (SRT)/ Speech Discrimination Score (SDS)
- Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA)
- Impedance Audiometry
- Consultation
People who need Hearing Screening Test include:
- Frequent mobile phone users
- Call Centre operators
- People working in manufacturing plants with increased sound load
- Growing children with milestone developmental delay (speech delay, autism, attention deficit, hyperactivity, school defaulters, etc.)
- Persons receiving significantly long-term ototoxic drug therapy (like amino glycosides)
- Persons who have suffered from any diseases that may eventually have affected hearing
SINUS PROBLEMS
Sinuses are air filled spaces around the nose which inhale and exhale the air during breathing. These spaces are aerated through small opening in that cavity. If the openings of these sinuses get blocked, due to common cold, the sinus develops inflammation called Sinusitis, commonly referred to as Sinus. A patient may complain of blocked nose, pus discharge, headache, sneezing and fever. He needs to be treated with medicines, steam, decongestants and antibiotics. Surgery of sinus ensures normal functioning of the sinus by removal of the obstruction and opening or enlarging of the sinus so that infection does not stay put. The surgery, done with the help of endoscopes, is called FESS (functional endoscopic sinus surgery). To know the precise extent of the disease, a CT scan of the sinus is a must.
DISEASES OF THE NOSE
The common ailments affecting the nose are nasal blockage, discharge, excessive, sneezing, and bleeding or nasal deformity. The doctor enquires about the detailed history to know more about the problem and to decide the line of management.
Allergic Rhinitis: The nasal lining is swollen and the patient has blockage, sneezing and a watery discharge from either side. Some tablets, nasal drops, exercises coupled with avoidance of the allergen improve the condition.
Deviated Nasal Septum: If the nasal septum is deviated and causes nasal blockage and is not improving with medicines, it needs to be straightened by surgery called Septoplasty.
Nose Bleed: It is a symptom of an underlying disease which may be an ulcer on the septum, injury to the nose, high blood pressure and needs to be treated accordingly.
Nasal Polyp: If the allergen has been there for long time, the patient’s mucosal lining of the sinus may get filled with fluids and present themselves as nasal polyp (a grape like structure), which certainly needs to be removed by surgery. Facilities for FESS are available in hospital.
Deformed Nose: Patients with obstructed deformed (long, depressed, deviated, crooked nose) nose are corrected by procedure called septorhinoplasty.
TONSILS & ADENOIDS
The hospital provides surgeries for the removal of tonsil and adenoids.
Tonsils are a part of the body’s protective system which lie in the oral cavity and are visible when one opens the mouth. Their free surface has holes called crypts. Acute infection of the tonsil is one of the most common infections in the body, more common during childhood, causing pain in throat and fever, lasting for few days. If this occurs recurrently for more than 4 times in one year, they need to be removed. In children a similar tissue which lies behind the nose is called adenoids and if it gets infected, it may cause nasal blockage, ear blockage, breathing from mouth and snoring. These should be removed, too, along with the tonsils.
HEAD & NECK CANCERS
A very large percentage of cancers affect the head and neck regions. In our country, cancer of the throat and oral cavity are rampant, which may be due to habits of chewing ‘paan’, tobacco, cigarette smoking, poor oro-dental hygiene, etc. Fortunately, the condition produces early symptoms like ulcer in the oral cavity, swelling in the neck, change of voice, difficulty in swallowing, and so it can be detected earlier. A good examination of the area, tissue taken for examination, or fine needle aspiration cytology can diagnose the condition and an early treatment can provide relief.
SPEECH PROBLEMS
Hoarseness or change in character of voice is usually due to either, a nodule or polyp on the vocal cord, or due to paralysis of the vocal cord. The primary problem is identified by the use of Fibreoptic Laryngoscopy (FOL), and treatment plan is made accordingly. We have the facility of doing Microlaryngeal surgery at our department. This is a very accurate removal of the pathology under microscopic control, so as to preserve the normal structure of the vocal cord, CO2 laser can be used for the same for vocal cord palsy, we have the facility of Vocal Cord Medialization Surgery, a specialized procedure to correct the vocal cord position due to paralysis of the vocal cord. For non surgical pathologies, we have the facilities of a trained voice and speech therapist.